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Primary Git Repository for the Zephyr Project. Zephyr is a new generation, scalable, optimized, secure RTOS for multiple hardware architectures.
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zephyr/drivers/display/display_st7701.c

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/*
* Copyright (c) 2025 Arduino SA
*
* SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
*/
#define DT_DRV_COMPAT sitronix_st7701
#include <zephyr/kernel.h>
#include <zephyr/drivers/display.h>
#include <zephyr/drivers/mipi_dsi.h>
#include <zephyr/drivers/gpio.h>
#include <zephyr/sys/byteorder.h>
#include <zephyr/logging/log.h>
LOG_MODULE_REGISTER(st7701, CONFIG_DISPLAY_LOG_LEVEL);
/* Command2 BKx selection command */
#define DSI_CMD2BKX_SEL 0xFF
#define DSI_CMD2BK1_SEL 0x11
#define DSI_CMD2BK0_SEL 0x10
#define DSI_CMD2BKX_SEL_NONE 0x00
/* Command2, BK0 commands */
#define DSI_CMD2_BK0_PVGAMCTRL 0xB0 /* Positive Voltage Gamma Control */
#define DSI_CMD2_BK0_NVGAMCTRL 0xB1 /* Negative Voltage Gamma Control */
#define DSI_CMD2_BK0_LNESET 0xC0 /* Display Line setting */
#define DSI_CMD2_BK0_PORCTRL 0xC1 /* Porch control */
#define DSI_CMD2_BK0_INVSEL 0xC2 /* Inversion selection, Frame Rate Control */
/* Command2, BK1 commands */
#define DSI_CMD2_BK1_VRHS 0xB0 /* Vop amplitude setting */
#define DSI_CMD2_BK1_VCOM 0xB1 /* VCOM amplitude setting */
#define DSI_CMD2_BK1_VGHSS 0xB2 /* VGH Voltage setting */
#define DSI_CMD2_BK1_TESTCMD 0xB3 /* TEST Command Setting */
#define DSI_CMD2_BK1_VGLS 0xB5 /* VGL Voltage setting */
#define DSI_CMD2_BK1_PWCTLR1 0xB7 /* Power Control 1 */
#define DSI_CMD2_BK1_PWCTLR2 0xB8 /* Power Control 2 */
#define DSI_CMD2_BK1_SPD1 0xC1 /* Source pre_drive timing set1 */
#define DSI_CMD2_BK1_SPD2 0xC2 /* Source EQ2 Setting */
#define DSI_CMD2_BK1_MIPISET1 0xD0 /* MIPI Setting 1 */
#define ST7701_CMD_ID1 0xDA
#define ST7701_ID 0xFF
/* Write Control Display: brightness control. */
#define ST7701_WRCTRLD_BCTRL BIT(5)
/* Write Control Display: display dimming. */
#define ST7701_WRCTRLD_DD BIT(3)
/* Write Control Display: backlight. */
#define ST7701_WRCTRLD_BL BIT(2)
/* Adaptive Brightness Control: off. */
#define ST7701_WRCABC_OFF 0x00U
/* Adaptive Brightness Control: user interface. */
#define ST7701_WRCABC_UI 0x01U
/* Adaptive Brightness Control: still picture. */
#define ST7701_WRCABC_ST 0x02U
/* Adaptive Brightness Control: moving image. */
#define ST7701_WRCABC_MV 0x03U
struct st7701_config {
const struct device *mipi_dsi;
const struct gpio_dt_spec reset;
const struct gpio_dt_spec backlight;
uint8_t data_lanes;
uint16_t width;
uint16_t height;
uint8_t channel;
uint16_t rotation;
uint32_t hbp;
uint32_t hsync;
uint32_t hfp;
uint32_t vbp;
uint32_t vsync;
uint32_t vfp;
uint8_t gip_e0[4];
uint8_t gip_e1[12];
uint8_t gip_e2[14];
uint8_t gip_e3[5];
uint8_t gip_e4[3];
uint8_t gip_e5[17];
uint8_t gip_e6[5];
uint8_t gip_e7[3];
uint8_t gip_e8[17];
uint8_t gip_eb[8];
uint8_t gip_ec[3];
uint8_t gip_ed[17];
uint8_t pvgamctrl[17];
uint8_t nvgamctrl[17];
};
struct st7701_data {
uint16_t xres;
uint16_t yres;
uint8_t dsi_pixel_format;
enum display_pixel_format pixel_format;
enum display_orientation orientation;
};
static inline int st7701_dcs_write(const struct device *dev, uint8_t cmd, const void *buf,
size_t len)
{
const struct st7701_config *cfg = dev->config;
int ret;
ret = mipi_dsi_dcs_write(cfg->mipi_dsi, cfg->channel, cmd, buf, len);
if (ret < 0) {
LOG_ERR("DCS 0x%x write failed! (%d)", cmd, ret);
return ret;
}
return 0;
}
static int st7701_short_write_1p(const struct device *dev, uint8_t cmd, uint8_t val)
{
const struct st7701_config *cfg = dev->config;
int ret;
uint8_t buf[] = {cmd, val};
ret = mipi_dsi_generic_write(cfg->mipi_dsi, cfg->channel, buf, sizeof(val));
if (ret < 0) {
LOG_ERR("Short write failed! (%d)", ret);
return ret;
}
return 0;
}
static int st7701_generic_write(const struct device *dev, const void *buf, size_t len)
{
const struct st7701_config *cfg = dev->config;
int ret;
ret = mipi_dsi_generic_write(cfg->mipi_dsi, cfg->channel, buf, len);
if (ret < 0) {
LOG_ERR("Generic write failed! (%d)", ret);
return ret;
}
return 0;
}
static int st7701_check_id(const struct device *dev)
{
const struct st7701_config *cfg = dev->config;
uint32_t id = 0;
int ret;
ret = mipi_dsi_dcs_read(cfg->mipi_dsi, cfg->channel, ST7701_CMD_ID1, &id, sizeof(id));
if (ret != sizeof(id)) {
LOG_ERR("Read panel ID failed! (%d)", ret);
return -EIO;
}
if (id != ST7701_ID) {
LOG_ERR("ID 0x%x (should 0x%x)", id, ST7701_ID);
return -EINVAL;
}
return 0;
}
static int st7701_configure(const struct device *dev)
{
struct st7701_data *data = dev->data;
const struct st7701_config *cfg = dev->config;
uint8_t buf[4];
int ret;
const uint8_t ff1[] = {DSI_CMD2BKX_SEL, 0x77, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, DSI_CMD2BK1_SEL};
const uint8_t ff2[] = {DSI_CMD2BKX_SEL, 0x77, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, DSI_CMD2BKX_SEL_NONE};
const uint8_t control0[] = {DSI_CMD2BKX_SEL, 0x77, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, DSI_CMD2BK0_SEL};
const uint8_t control1[] = {0xC0, 0x63, 0x00};
const uint8_t control2[] = {0xC1, 0x11, 0x02};
const uint8_t control3[] = {0xC2, 0x01, 0x08};
const uint8_t control4[] = {0xCC, 0x18};
st7701_generic_write(dev, control0, sizeof(control0));
st7701_generic_write(dev, control1, sizeof(control1));
st7701_generic_write(dev, control2, sizeof(control2));
st7701_generic_write(dev, control3, sizeof(control3));
st7701_generic_write(dev, control4, sizeof(control4));
/* Gamma Cluster Setting */
st7701_generic_write(dev, cfg->pvgamctrl, sizeof(cfg->pvgamctrl));
st7701_generic_write(dev, cfg->nvgamctrl, sizeof(cfg->nvgamctrl));
/* Initial power control registers */
st7701_generic_write(dev, ff1, sizeof(ff1));
st7701_short_write_1p(dev, DSI_CMD2_BK1_VRHS, 0x65);
st7701_short_write_1p(dev, DSI_CMD2_BK1_VCOM, 0x34);
st7701_short_write_1p(dev, DSI_CMD2_BK1_VGHSS, 0x87);
st7701_short_write_1p(dev, DSI_CMD2_BK1_TESTCMD, 0x80);
st7701_short_write_1p(dev, DSI_CMD2_BK1_VGLS, 0x49);
st7701_short_write_1p(dev, DSI_CMD2_BK1_PWCTLR1, 0x85);
st7701_short_write_1p(dev, DSI_CMD2_BK1_PWCTLR2, 0x20);
st7701_short_write_1p(dev, 0xB9, 0x10);
st7701_short_write_1p(dev, DSI_CMD2_BK1_SPD1, 0x78);
st7701_short_write_1p(dev, DSI_CMD2_BK1_SPD2, 0x78);
st7701_short_write_1p(dev, DSI_CMD2_BK1_MIPISET1, 0x88);
k_msleep(100);
/* GIP Setting */
st7701_generic_write(dev, cfg->gip_e0, sizeof(cfg->gip_e0));
st7701_generic_write(dev, cfg->gip_e1, sizeof(cfg->gip_e1));
st7701_generic_write(dev, cfg->gip_e2, sizeof(cfg->gip_e2));
st7701_generic_write(dev, cfg->gip_e3, sizeof(cfg->gip_e3));
st7701_generic_write(dev, cfg->gip_e4, sizeof(cfg->gip_e4));
st7701_generic_write(dev, cfg->gip_e5, sizeof(cfg->gip_e5));
st7701_generic_write(dev, cfg->gip_e6, sizeof(cfg->gip_e6));
st7701_generic_write(dev, cfg->gip_e7, sizeof(cfg->gip_e7));
st7701_generic_write(dev, cfg->gip_e8, sizeof(cfg->gip_e8));
st7701_generic_write(dev, cfg->gip_eb, sizeof(cfg->gip_eb));
st7701_generic_write(dev, cfg->gip_ec, sizeof(cfg->gip_ec));
st7701_generic_write(dev, cfg->gip_ed, sizeof(cfg->gip_ed));
/* Bank1 setting */
st7701_generic_write(dev, ff2, sizeof(ff2));
/* Exit sleep mode */
ret = st7701_dcs_write(dev, MIPI_DCS_EXIT_SLEEP_MODE, NULL, 0);
if (ret < 0) {
return ret;
}
k_msleep(50);
/* Set pixel color format */
switch (data->dsi_pixel_format) {
case MIPI_DSI_PIXFMT_RGB565:
buf[0] = MIPI_DCS_PIXEL_FORMAT_16BIT;
break;
case MIPI_DSI_PIXFMT_RGB888:
buf[0] = MIPI_DCS_PIXEL_FORMAT_24BIT;
break;
default:
LOG_ERR("Unsupported pixel format 0x%x!", data->dsi_pixel_format);
return -ENOTSUP;
}
ret = st7701_dcs_write(dev, MIPI_DCS_SET_PIXEL_FORMAT, buf, 1);
if (ret < 0) {
return ret;
}
buf[0] = 0x00;
buf[1] = 0x00;
sys_put_be16(data->xres, (uint8_t *)&buf[2]);
ret = st7701_dcs_write(dev, MIPI_DCS_SET_COLUMN_ADDRESS, buf, 4);
if (ret < 0) {
return ret;
}
buf[0] = 0x00;
buf[1] = 0x00;
sys_put_be16(data->yres, (uint8_t *)&buf[2]);
ret = st7701_dcs_write(dev, MIPI_DCS_SET_PAGE_ADDRESS, buf, 4);
if (ret < 0) {
return ret;
}
/* Backlight control */
buf[0] = ST7701_WRCTRLD_BCTRL | ST7701_WRCTRLD_DD | ST7701_WRCTRLD_BL;
ret = st7701_dcs_write(dev, MIPI_DCS_WRITE_CONTROL_DISPLAY, buf, 1);
if (ret < 0) {
return ret;
}
/* Adaptive brightness control */
buf[0] = ST7701_WRCABC_UI;
ret = st7701_dcs_write(dev, MIPI_DCS_WRITE_POWER_SAVE, buf, 1);
if (ret < 0) {
return ret;
}
/* Adaptive brightness control minimum brightness */
buf[0] = 0xFF;
ret = st7701_dcs_write(dev, MIPI_DCS_SET_CABC_MIN_BRIGHTNESS, buf, 1);
if (ret < 0) {
return ret;
}
/* Brightness */
buf[0] = 0xFF;
ret = st7701_dcs_write(dev, MIPI_DCS_SET_DISPLAY_BRIGHTNESS, buf, 1);
if (ret < 0) {
return ret;
}
/* Display On */
ret = st7701_dcs_write(dev, MIPI_DCS_SET_DISPLAY_ON, NULL, 0);
if (ret < 0) {
return ret;
}
return 0;
}
static int st7701_blanking_on(const struct device *dev)
{
const struct st7701_config *cfg = dev->config;
int ret;
if (cfg->backlight.port != NULL) {
ret = gpio_pin_set_dt(&cfg->backlight, 0);
if (ret) {
LOG_ERR("Disable backlight failed! (%d)", ret);
return ret;
}
}
return st7701_dcs_write(dev, MIPI_DCS_SET_DISPLAY_OFF, NULL, 0);
}
static int st7701_blanking_off(const struct device *dev)
{
const struct st7701_config *cfg = dev->config;
int ret;
if (cfg->backlight.port != NULL) {
ret = gpio_pin_set_dt(&cfg->backlight, 1);
if (ret) {
LOG_ERR("Enable backlight failed! (%d)", ret);
return ret;
}
}
return st7701_dcs_write(dev, MIPI_DCS_SET_DISPLAY_ON, NULL, 0);
}
static int st7701_set_brightness(const struct device *dev, uint8_t brightness)
{
return st7701_dcs_write(dev, MIPI_DCS_SET_DISPLAY_BRIGHTNESS, &brightness, 1);
}
static void st7701_get_capabilities(const struct device *dev,
struct display_capabilities *capabilities)
{
const struct st7701_config *cfg = dev->config;
struct st7701_data *data = dev->data;
if (!capabilities) {
return;
}
memset(capabilities, 0, sizeof(struct display_capabilities));
capabilities->x_resolution = cfg->width;
capabilities->y_resolution = cfg->height;
capabilities->supported_pixel_formats = data->pixel_format;
capabilities->current_pixel_format = data->pixel_format;
capabilities->current_orientation = data->orientation;
}
static DEVICE_API(display, st7701_api) = {
.blanking_on = st7701_blanking_on,
.blanking_off = st7701_blanking_off,
.set_brightness = st7701_set_brightness,
.get_capabilities = st7701_get_capabilities,
};
static int st7701_init(const struct device *dev)
{
const struct st7701_config *cfg = dev->config;
struct st7701_data *data = dev->data;
struct mipi_dsi_device mdev;
int ret;
if (cfg->reset.port) {
if (!gpio_is_ready_dt(&cfg->reset)) {
LOG_ERR("Reset GPIO device is not ready!");
return -ENODEV;
}
ret = gpio_pin_configure_dt(&cfg->reset, GPIO_OUTPUT_INACTIVE);
if (ret < 0) {
LOG_ERR("Reset display failed! (%d)", ret);
return ret;
}
k_msleep(10);
ret = gpio_pin_set_dt(&cfg->reset, 1);
if (ret < 0) {
LOG_ERR("Enable display failed! (%d)", ret);
return ret;
}
k_msleep(100);
}
/* store x/y resolution & rotation */
if (cfg->rotation == 0) {
data->xres = cfg->width;
data->yres = cfg->height;
data->orientation = DISPLAY_ORIENTATION_NORMAL;
} else if (cfg->rotation == 90) {
data->xres = cfg->height;
data->yres = cfg->width;
data->orientation = DISPLAY_ORIENTATION_ROTATED_90;
} else if (cfg->rotation == 180) {
data->xres = cfg->width;
data->yres = cfg->height;
data->orientation = DISPLAY_ORIENTATION_ROTATED_180;
} else if (cfg->rotation == 270) {
data->xres = cfg->height;
data->yres = cfg->width;
data->orientation = DISPLAY_ORIENTATION_ROTATED_270;
}
/* attach to MIPI-DSI host */
mdev.data_lanes = cfg->data_lanes;
mdev.pixfmt = data->dsi_pixel_format;
mdev.mode_flags = MIPI_DSI_MODE_VIDEO | MIPI_DSI_MODE_VIDEO_BURST | MIPI_DSI_MODE_LPM;
mdev.timings.hactive = cfg->width;
mdev.timings.hbp = cfg->hbp;
mdev.timings.hsync = cfg->hsync;
mdev.timings.hfp = cfg->hfp;
mdev.timings.vactive = cfg->height;
mdev.timings.vbp = cfg->vbp;
mdev.timings.vsync = cfg->vsync;
mdev.timings.vfp = cfg->vfp;
ret = mipi_dsi_attach(cfg->mipi_dsi, cfg->channel, &mdev);
if (ret < 0) {
LOG_ERR("MIPI-DSI attach failed! (%d)", ret);
return ret;
}
ret = st7701_check_id(dev);
if (ret) {
LOG_ERR("Panel ID check failed! (%d)", ret);
return ret;
}
ret = st7701_configure(dev);
if (ret) {
LOG_ERR("DSI init sequence failed! (%d)", ret);
return ret;
}
ret = st7701_blanking_off(dev);
if (ret) {
LOG_ERR("Display blanking off failed! (%d)", ret);
return ret;
}
return 0;
}
#define ST7701_DEVICE(inst) \
static const struct st7701_config st7701_config_##inst = { \
.mipi_dsi = DEVICE_DT_GET(DT_INST_BUS(inst)), \
.reset = GPIO_DT_SPEC_INST_GET_OR(inst, reset_gpios, {0}), \
.backlight = GPIO_DT_SPEC_INST_GET_OR(inst, bl_gpios, {0}), \
.data_lanes = DT_INST_PROP_BY_IDX(inst, data_lanes, 0), \
.width = DT_INST_PROP(inst, width), \
.height = DT_INST_PROP(inst, height), \
.channel = DT_INST_REG_ADDR(inst), \
.rotation = DT_INST_PROP(inst, rotation), \
.hbp = DT_PROP(DT_INST_CHILD(inst, display_timings), hback_porch), \
.hsync = DT_PROP(DT_INST_CHILD(inst, display_timings), hsync_len), \
.hfp = DT_PROP(DT_INST_CHILD(inst, display_timings), hfront_porch), \
.vbp = DT_PROP(DT_INST_CHILD(inst, display_timings), vback_porch), \
.vsync = DT_PROP(DT_INST_CHILD(inst, display_timings), vsync_len), \
.vfp = DT_PROP(DT_INST_CHILD(inst, display_timings), vfront_porch), \
.gip_e0 = DT_INST_PROP_OR(inst, gip_e0, {}), \
.gip_e1 = DT_INST_PROP_OR(inst, gip_e1, {}), \
.gip_e2 = DT_INST_PROP_OR(inst, gip_e2, {}), \
.gip_e3 = DT_INST_PROP_OR(inst, gip_e3, {}), \
.gip_e4 = DT_INST_PROP_OR(inst, gip_e4, {}), \
.gip_e5 = DT_INST_PROP_OR(inst, gip_e5, {}), \
.gip_e6 = DT_INST_PROP_OR(inst, gip_e6, {}), \
.gip_e7 = DT_INST_PROP_OR(inst, gip_e7, {}), \
.gip_e8 = DT_INST_PROP_OR(inst, gip_e8, {}), \
.gip_eb = DT_INST_PROP_OR(inst, gip_eb, {}), \
.gip_ec = DT_INST_PROP_OR(inst, gip_ec, {}), \
.gip_ed = DT_INST_PROP_OR(inst, gip_ed, {}), \
.pvgamctrl = DT_INST_PROP_OR(inst, pvgamctrl, {}), \
.nvgamctrl = DT_INST_PROP_OR(inst, nvgamctrl, {}), \
}; \
static struct st7701_data st7701_data_##inst = { \
.dsi_pixel_format = DT_INST_PROP(inst, pixel_format), \
}; \
DEVICE_DT_INST_DEFINE(inst, &st7701_init, NULL, &st7701_data_##inst, \
&st7701_config_##inst, POST_KERNEL, \
CONFIG_DISPLAY_INIT_PRIORITY, &st7701_api);
DT_INST_FOREACH_STATUS_OKAY(ST7701_DEVICE)