kernel/sched: correct k_sleep() return value calculation

Fix the issue: https://github.com/zephyrproject-rtos/zephyr/issues/79863

The expected_wakeup_ticks and sys_clock_tick_get_32() are uint32_t values,
and may wrap around individually.
If the expected_wakeup_ticks has a wraparound and sys_clock_tick_get_32()
doesn't, so expected_wakeup_ticks < sys_clock_tick_get_32(), the API return
value will be corrupted.

The API return value, that is the remaining time, should be calculated in
32bit-unsigned-integer manner, and any wraparound will be treated properly.

Signed-off-by: Akaiwa Wataru <akaiwa@sonas.co.jp>

kernel/sched.c

@@ -1117,7 +1117,11 @@ static int32_t z_tick_sleep(k_ticks_t ticks)
 
 	__ASSERT(!z_is_thread_state_set(arch_current_thread(), _THREAD_SUSPENDED), "");
 
-	ticks = (k_ticks_t)expected_wakeup_ticks - sys_clock_tick_get_32();
+	/* We require a 32 bit unsigned subtraction to care a wraparound */
+	uint32_t left_ticks = expected_wakeup_ticks - sys_clock_tick_get_32();
+
+	/* To handle a negative value correctly, once type-cast it to signed 32 bit */
+	ticks = (k_ticks_t)(int32_t)left_ticks;
 	if (ticks > 0) {
 		return ticks;
 	}